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Print version: Keeping moving (PDF, 1.84 MB, 36 pages)
The government is committed to helping older New Zealanders retain their independent mobility by whatever means they choose, for as long as possible. To support this, it has introduced many improvements to the driver licensing system - including removal of compulsory driving tests for drivers aged 80 and over.
This guide provides information on the new driver licence renewal process and tips to help you keep moving on the road. It also contains guidelines for assessing your own driving ability and resources to help you plan ahead in case you need to stop driving for any reason.
Land Transport NZ would like to thank the following organisations for their time, experience and insights, which have helped to inform this publication:
Keeping moving by car
Assessing your capabilities
Prolonging your driving career
1. A clear vision
2. Maintain control
3. Choosing a car
4. Stay alert!
5. Avoid fatigue
6. Refresh your knowledge
Road rules refresher
Enrol in Safe with Age - a refresher course for mature road users
Disabilities and driving
Renewing your driver licence from 75 years onwards
What happens next?
1. Medically fit to drive or
2. Medically fit to drive - with conditions
3. Medically fit to drive - subject to passing an On-road Safety Test
4. Medically fit to drive - subject to confirmation by a specialist
5. Not fit to drive
Life beyond driving
Moving house?
Sharing the load
Keeping moving - by public transport
Keeping moving - on foot
Stay safe while walking
Keeping moving - by mobility scooter
Finding out about alternative transport schemes
Resources and contacts
Further reading
Driver training and assessment
Road Safety Coordinators
Land Transport NZ Regional Offices
Most older New Zealanders rely on their car to get around - for shopping, appointments or visiting friends and family.
Driving is a complicated task, requiring continuous concentration and good health. Ability, not age, determines whether you are a safe driver. Mature drivers as a group are very safe and responsible drivers - most have years of driving experience and an unblemished driving record.
However, it's important to remember that the ageing process can affect a range of skills essential to driving - including eyesight, memory, decision-making and reaction times. Moreover, in the event that you are involved in a crash, the older you are the more likely you are to be killed or injured - due to increasing physical fragility.
It is important for all drivers, regardless of age, to regularly and honestly assess their own driving capabilities to keep themselves and others safe.
When you renew your licence at 75, 80 and two-yearly thereafter, your doctor will check whether you are medically fit to drive. However, it's your responsibility to ensure your skills and knowledge are up to scratch every time you drive - and if they are not, to take action to address any problems.
Following are some key questions to ask yourself regularly:
If you answered 'yes' to some of the above questions, it's not necessarily a sign that it's time to give up driving. But it may indicate areas where you need to take action to avoid endangering yourself or other road users - particularly if you answered 'yes' to any of the last five questions.
Many mature drivers adjust their driving or use additional vehicle features to compensate for any weaknesses (see 'Prolonging your driving career' for ideas).
If in doubt:
Taking a Safe with Age course is a great way to identify any areas for improvement in a friendly, supportive environment - and it's free! More details.
Many mature drivers compensate for the effects of ageing through the use of various coping strategies. For example, they might avoid driving at night, during busy traffic times or in bad weather, or they may decide to drive only in familiar areas. They might only use the car for essential trips - or choose to drive with a companion.
The following are some other suggestions to help you keep moving safely.
Diminished strength, coordination and flexibility can significantly affect your ability to safely control your vehicle.
If you're finding it difficult to turn your head or reach controls:
If you are worried that your health may be impeding your ability to drive safely, talk it over with your doctor. They may also be able to advise you on other ways to keep fit to drive. You can ask a family member or friend to go to the doctor with you.
When buying a car:
If your car is fitted with an airbag, sit at least 25 centimetres (or about 1 foot) from the steering wheel to reduce the chances of injury from the airbag during a crash.
Slowing reaction times can make it a challenge to divide your attention between multiple activities and being able to react quickly to situations that arise, often without warning.
Fatigue is a contributing factor in many road crashes and affects people of all ages.
It's a good idea to refresh your knowledge from time to time, so you know about any new road rules, signs and markings. Copies of the Road code are available from most bookstores or your local library. You can also view the road rules section online at www.landtransport.govt.nz/roadcode/index.html.
Following are some traffic situations that can often cause confusion for drivers.
| UNCONTROLLED | CONTROLLED |
|---|---|
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| You must GIVE WAY as the other vehicle is crossing from your right. | You may proceed as the other vehicle is controlled by a Give Way sign. |
| UNCONTROLLED | CONTROLLED |
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| You may proceed as both are turning, and you are on the right of the other vehicle. | You must GIVE WAY as you are controlled by a Give Way sign. |
| BOTH TURNING | SHADOW TURNING |
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| You must GIVE WAY as you are both turning and the other vehicle is on your right. | You may proceed provided that the following vehicle is about to overtake, blocking the path of the turning vehicle on your right. |
| Single lane roundabout | Multi-lane roundabout |
| DRIVING STRAIGHT | DRIVING STRAIGHT |
|---|---|
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| Indicate left when exiting from the roundabout. | Indicate left when exiting from the roundabout. Stay in the same lane throughout. |
| TURNING RIGHT | TURNING RIGHT |
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| First indicate right, then left to exit. | First indicate right then left to exit. Stay in the same lane throughout. |
| TURNING LEFT | TURNING LEFT |
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| Indicate left before turning. | Indicate left before turning. Stay in the same lane throughout. |
| CORRECT USE OF LANES WHEN TURNING | |
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| CORRECT USE OF RIGHT TURN BAYS | CORRECT USE OF FLUSH MEDIANS |
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| TWO LANE ROADS | SINGLE LANE ROADS |
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| Keep to left lane. Don't use the right-hand lane unless you are about to turn right or pass a vehicle in the left lane. |
You may drive across the left-hand white lane marking if it is safe to do so, and you are holding up following traffic. You may pass a slower vehicle at 'no passing' lines if you stay to the left of the yellow lines and you have 100 metres clear visibility throughout the whole manoeuvre. |
| Combination of lights with arrows | ||||
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| LEFT TURNING |
Must STOP | GO but must give way to right turning vehicles coming towards you |
GO but must give way to right turning vehicles coming towards you |
Must STOP |
| STRAIGHT AHEAD |
GO (if safe) | GO (if safe) | GO (if safe) | Must STOP |
| RIGHT TURNING |
GO if not traffic coming towards you |
Must STOP (if safe) |
GO oncoming traffic should stop |
GO - oncoming traffic should stop |
| SAFE FOLLOWING DISTANCE | |
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When following another vehicle travelling at the same speed, watch as that vehicle passes some fixed object (eg, a lamppost). Start counting 'one
thousand and one, one thousand and two'. If you pass the object before you finish saying 'two', you are following too close. This two-second rule works equally well at any speed. In adverse weather, increase the distance to four seconds. |
| MERGING WITH HIGHWAY TRAFFIC | EXITING FROM THE HIGHWAY |
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The Safe with Age course is a free classroom-based programme presented over four hours. During the course, you'll have the opportunity to share your experiences and concerns, as well as re-familiarising yourself with traffic rules and road safety information specific to your local area. You'll also get some useful driving tips, which will help you feel more confident behind the wheel.
As well as a useful workbook and certificate of attendance, Safe with Age participants receive a $30 discount voucher toward an optional coaching and assessment drive with a Safe with Age approved driving instructor. This is a great way to boost your confidence and improve your knowledge and skills.
To find out more, or to enrol, contact any of the following:
Disabilities such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, dementia, arthritis and epilepsy can progressively affect your ability to drive, but are not specific to age. Your doctor will be able to advise you and may direct you to a support agency or for specialist assessment appropriate to your condition. A number of informative factsheets are available - see the Resources and contacts section.
Your New Zealand driver licence will need renewing when you turn 75. It will need renewing again on your 80th birthday, then every second birthday - at ages 82, 84 and so on.
Eight weeks before your driver licence expires, Land Transport NZ will send you an Application for renewal of driver licence form. You'll also receive a brochure informing you of the process for getting your licence renewed.
The first thing you'll need to do is to book an appointment with your doctor to obtain a Medical certificate for driver licence.
During your appointment your doctor will discuss your present state of health with you and test your eyesight. He or she will then recommend whether you are:
If your doctor decides you are medically fit to drive, he or she will give you a signed Medical certificate for driver licence. Sometimes your doctor may decide you are medically fit to drive but may recommend that conditions be imposed.
For example:
Once you have a signed Medical certificate for driver licence, you will need to visit a driver licensing agent in person to renew your driver licence. Driver licensing agents are participating offices of:
You will need to bring:
The driver licensing agent will give you a temporary driver licence - your new photo driver licence will be posted to your mailing address.
Your doctor may recommend to Land Transport NZ that some conditions should be applied to your licence. If Land Transport NZ agrees that conditions should be imposed you will receive a letter confirming what the conditions are and what to do if you wish to have them reviewed, or to appeal them.
If your doctor thinks you are medically fit to drive but is not sure about your ability to drive safely, he or she may issue you with a Medical certificate for driver licence enabling you to renew your driver licence, provided you pass an On-road Safety Test with a testing officer.
You will then need to contact a driver licensing agent, to book an On-road Safety Test.
When booking your test in person at an agent, you will need to bring:
Alternatively, if you have a Mastercard or Visa credit card, you can book a test over the phone by calling 0800 822 422. In this case, you will need to bring everything listed above (apart from the fee payments) along to your test appointment.
* refer to page 3 of the Application for renewal of driver licence form for a full list
If your test booking has been arranged using the telephone, you will need to arrive 30 minutes early to your test appointment to allow all the pre-test requirements to be completed, such as to confirm your eyesight meets the required standard, have your photograph taken and present evidence of your identity and address.
Please note that at age 75, 86 and every ten years after that, your photograph and signature on your driver licence will need to be updated.
You may wish to enrol in a free Safe with Age course to refresh your skills and knowledge. You could also book a lesson with a private driving instructor. More details.
If you pass the On-road Safety Test you do not need to go back to your doctor. The testing officer will give you a temporary driver licence. Your permanent licence will be sent to your mailing address.
If you fail the On-road Safety Test the first time, you may resit the test once only at no extra charge. If you book another test, you will be issued with a temporary driver licence, which restricts you to driving only when accompanied and supervised by another fully-licensed driver.
Land Transport NZ's Guide to the On-road Safety Test contains more information on the test, including what you need to do, test procedures and tips for success. You can pick up a copy when you book your test or call 0800 822 422 to have a copy sent to you.
Before deciding whether to give you a Medical certificate for driver licence, your doctor may decide to refer you for a specialist medical assessment to determine whether you are medically fit to drive. You could be referred to a gerontologist, an optometrist, or to an occupational therapist for an assessment. The occupational therapist driving assessment can cost you between $350 and $600, and is designed to check that you can safely cope with some of the more complex driving situations that may present a challenge for older drivers.
Your doctor will then make a recommendation based on this report.
If the specialist report is favourable, the doctor will sign the Medical certificate for driver licence for you to collect and take to the licensing agent. The certificate must be no more than 60 days old when you visit your nearest licensing agent to complete the renewal process. See list of agents and what you'll need to bring.
The specialist report may recommend to Land Transport NZ that some conditions should be applied to your licence. If Land Transport agrees that conditions should be imposed, you will receive a letter confirming what the conditions are and what to do if you wish to have them reviewed, or to appeal them. If the conditions restrict the hours that you can drive, or the distance you can drive from home, the letter will be given to you personally to ensure that you receive and understand it.
If the specialist report is unfavourable, the doctor is likely to complete the medical assessment form with a recommendation of 'not fit to drive' (see the following page). You are entitled to seek another medical opinion, but cannot renew your licence unless you receive a positive medical assessment.
If your doctor recommends that, for medical reasons, it is safer for you and for others on the road if you do not drive, they are required by law to notify Land Transport NZ of this, and you will be unable to renew your licence.
If you do not agree with your doctor's assessment, you are entitled to obtain a second opinion from another doctor at your own expense. Any second Medical certificate for driver licence will be considered by Land Transport NZ's Chief Medical Advisor, having regard to the information already presented by your own doctor. You will receive a letter from Land Transport NZ informing you of the outcome.
Land Transport NZ will send your driver licence renewal pack to the last address you provided to them. You can call Land Transport NZ's driver licensing help desk on 0800 822 422 to check or change your records.
You don't have to wait for the Application for renewal of driver licence form to be sent to you - you can renew your driver licence earlier - up to six months before your licence is due to expire.
To do this, you will need to pick up an Application for renewal of driver licence form from any driver licensing agent. Alternatively, you can call 0800 822 422 to have one sent out to you.
However, the Medical certificate for driver licence must be no more than 60 days old when you present it to a driver licensing agent to complete the renewal procedure.
Thinking about what you'd do without a car can be uncomfortable, particularly if you are used to getting around independently. But forward planning can ease the transition - and it's never too early to start exploring your options.
It may help to talk it over with others. Friends and family may have ideas on how you can get around after driving and how they can help. Land Transport NZ's Supporting older drivers booklet is designed to assist them with this - see the Resources and contacts section for where to obtain a copy.
Think about the options available to you. For example, even if you decide not to drive, you could still keep your car and ask others to drive you round in it. (Check with your insurance company that other drivers are covered - those under 25 might have to be nominated and their driver licence number supplied.)
The following are some other things to think about when planning for a successful retirement from driving.
When deciding on a location for your next home, consider these factors:
If you have a spouse or partner and you suddenly had to retire from driving, would they be comfortable with taking on the task? By sharing the driving now, you can help both of you to retain your skills and confidence for as long as possible.
Ask friends and family about whether they would like to share the driving and see if they have any ideas about other transport options.
Retiring from driving is a change, not an end. With support from others and some forward planning, you can still get about in your community and do the things you want to do.
A supply of bus and train timetables, and some good maps are essential tools for life after driving. You can get this information from the local bus company, your local council and the Citizens Advice Bureau.
Consider different travel options for each trip. For example, you could take the bus to your local club and then catch a taxi home if the bus timetables aren't convenient.
When booking appointments, try to arrange a time that fits in with public transport timetables.
Walking is a very healthy alternative to driving at any time of life. Walking keeps you fit, and it's a good way of contributing to a cleaner environment. By not using your car you're helping to improve air quality - and also saving money on petrol!
Stepping up the amount of walking you do can make you fitter, and that in itself can prolong your driving career. To begin with, consider making short trips on foot instead of taking the car. If you'd like to walk regularly, joining a local walking group can provide motivation and good company. Contact your local council for more information.
Biking is an enjoyable way of getting about, keeping fit and doing your bit for the environment.
Many cycle paths are shared by pedestrians, so whether you're walking or biking, please be considerate to other users.
Electric powered mobility scooters are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to driving. For that trip to the shops - which are just too far away to walk - a mobility scooter can easily get you there.
Although convenient, mobility scooters do come with responsibilities. You are legally required to use them on the footpath where one is readily accessible. You also need to be considerate and drive at a speed that doesn't put other footpath users at risk.
For more information on how to use mobility scooters safely, see the Land Transport NZ brochure Keeping mobile.
The Citizens Advice Bureau, your local branch of Age Concern and your local council can advise you on:
Your doctor understands your health status and physical capabilities. He or she can help to advise you on your eligibility for subsidised taxi fares.
Remember, car ownership can be expensive compared to other forms of transport. The cost of running an older, small car can be somewhere in the region of $1,500 to $2,500 per year, not counting the value of the car itself and its depreciation. That's a lot of taxi fares!
The following publications mentioned in this booklet are available at your nearest Land Transport NZ office, by contacting the Land Transport NZ help desk on 0800 699 000 or by visiting www.landtransport.govt.nz.
How will you get around when you stop driving? produced by the Office for Senior Citizens, contains more information on retiring from driving. To order a copy email osc@msd.govt.nz, write to P O Box 1556 Wellington, or view online at www.osc.govt.nz.
Many driving schools offer assessment and advice courses suitable for the mature driver. Ask your local driving school if they are able to assist you.
Safe with Age participants receive a $30 subsidy voucher to attend an optional practical coaching and assessment drive with a Safe with Age-approved driving instructor. There are also specialist assessors (occupational therapists) for those with medical conditions that may affect safe driving. To locate a specialist driving assessor in your area, phone Enable Information on 0800 171 981, or visit the find a therapist section at www.nzaot.com.
Road Safety Coordinators work in your community to promote road safety assist with community programmes that target specific road safety problems. They are commonly based in local authorities.
To contact your local Road Safety Coordinator, contact your local council first. If they are unable to assist, contact your nearest Land Transport NZ Regional Office (see below) or the Land Transport NZ help desk, 0800 699 000.
| Whangarei | 09 459 6314 |
| Auckland | 09 969 9800 |
| Hamilton | 07 958 7840 |
| Palmerston North | 06 953 6396 |
| Napier | 06 974 5520 |
| Wellington | 04 931 8900 |
| Christchurch | 03 964 2866 |
| Dunedin | 03 951 3009 |
Page created: 8 November 2006